Description : S. No. Topic Name Prelims/Mains
1. About the Dengue Fever Prelims & Mains
2. Punjab Police demands that Birth Anniversary of Guru Nanak be declared as the ?World Pedestrian Day? Prelims & Mains
3. About the Climate Vulnerability Index released by CEEW Prelims & Mains
4. About the G 20 Summit Prelims Specific
5. Indus River Dolphins to be conserved by Punjab Prelims Specific
1. About the Dengue Fever:
GS II
Topic ? Health related issues:
? Why in News:
? Punjab's dengue cases totalled 16,129 - the highest number since 2016.
? When do cases go up:
? The disease has a seasonal pattern, that is, the highest number comes after rain and is not evenly distributed throughout the year.
? Every year, from July to November, rise in dengue cases have been observed.
? About Dengue:
? The dengue virus is transmitted by the bite of a female mosquito Aedes (Ae.).
? Aedes is a daytime transmitter and can fly a limited distance of 400 meters.
? Although it usually causes minor illnesses, serious dengue diseases can sometimes be fatal.
? The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are 100-400 million cases of dengue each year, with worldwide cases increasing dramatically in ?recent decades?.
? Prelims Hot-Link:
? Dengue- Causes, symptoms and spread.
? Is the "Wolbachia way" related?
? Where has this method been tested recently?
? About the World Mosquito Program (WMP).
? Source ? https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/mandaviya-reviews-dengue-situation-in-delhi-centre-to-send-teams-to-states-with-rising-cases/article37279654.ece
2. Punjab Police demands that Birth Anniversary of Guru Nanak be declared as the ?World Pedestrian Day?:
GS I
Topic ? Indian Culture:
? Why in News:
? Punjab police recently suggested that the birthday (Gurpurab) of Sikhism founder Guru Nanak Dev be declared as 'World Day of Pedestrians'.
? A written proposal in this regard may be sent to the Union Ministry of Road Transport and Highways shortly.
? Why is Guru Nanak Dev regarded as the most respected pedestrian in the world:
? He travelled extensively during the 15th and 16th centuries.
? It is believed that in those days, when the early modes of transport were limited and mainly found in boats, animals (horses, mules, camels, bulls), Guru Nanak Dev, and his friend Bhai Mardana, took up most of his work while walking.
? From Mecca to Haridwar, from Sylhet to Mount Kailash, Guru Nanak visited hundreds of inter-faith sites related to Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism, and Jainism during his voyage (also called daasis).
? In some places, gurdwara are built to commemorate his visit.
? His journey was later recorded in inscriptions called 'janamsakhis'.
? These sites are now spread across nine countries - India, Pakistan, Iran, Iraq, China (Tibet), Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, and Afghanistan.
? About Guru Nanak:
? He was born in Talwandi near Lahore.
? The most popular teachings of Guru Nanak are that there is only one God, and that all people can have direct access to God without the need for traditional priests.
? His strongest social teachings condemned the system of class distinctions and taught that all people are equal, regardless of race or gender.
? He introduced the concept of a god - namely 'Vahiguru', an unchanging, timeless, ubiquitous and invisible business. Other names for God in the Sikh religion are Akaal Purkh and Nirankar.
? Guru Granth Sahib, a Sikh holy book, contains 974 poetic songs composed by Guru Nanak.
? Source ? https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/guru-nanaks-birth-anniversary-world-pedestrian-day-punjab-police-7600866/
3. About the Climate Vulnerability Index released by CEEW:
GS III
Topic ? Conservation related issues:
? Why in News:
? The environmental think tank The Council for Energy, Environment and Water has conducted a first-rate regional climate assessment, or Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI).
? Under this, it has analyzed 640 regions in India to assess their vulnerability to extreme weather events such as hurricanes, floods, heat waves, droughts, etc.
? Findings on climate risk indicators:
? Assam, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Bihar are at high risk of extreme weather events such as floods, droughts and hurricanes in India.
? While 27 provinces of India and union areas are at risk of extreme weather events, 463 out of 640 regions are at risk of extreme weather events.
? Dhemaji and Nagaon in Assam, Khammam in Telangana, Gajapati in Odisha, Vizianagaram in Andhra Pradesh, Sangli in Maharashtra, and Chennai in Tamil Nadu are among the most endangered regions of India.
? More than 80 percent of Indians live in high-risk areas - which means that 17 out of 20 people in India are at risk of climate change, with all five Indians living in high-risk areas.
? The north eastern states are at high risk of flooding.
? How were the regions assessed:
? The Index looks at specific indicators when assessing the suitability of a state or region.
? This includes access to essential infrastructure such as storm shelters and floodplains, existing government measures that include the revitalization of disaster risk management systems, mitigation measures, standard operating procedures before, during and after a severe weather such as how people and livestock are evacuated or fed. is also encouraged by how management can prevent the loss of lives and livelihoods.
? What recommendations have been made:
? Create a high-resolution Climate Risk Atlas (CRA) atlas to identify significant risks at the regional level and better identify, assess, and project chronic and hazardous hazards such as extreme weather events, heat and water stress, plant losses, animal diseases and biodiversity deterioration of living things.
? Establish a central climate risk commission to co-ordinate the environmental risk reduction campaign.
? Perform a climate-guided climate resilience that focuses on rehabilitating, rehabilitating and reassembling the natural environment as part of the development process.
? Combine a climate risk profile with infrastructure planning to increase flexibility.
? Provide climate adaptation financing by creating CVI-based funding tools that incorporate climate risks to create an effective risk mitigation mechanism.
? Source ? https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/climate-vulnerability-index-ceew-explained-7593385/
4. About the G 20 Summit:
GS II
Topic ? International Relations:
? Why in News:
? The 2021 G20 Summit was held in Rome, Italy.
? Conference objectives:
? The 20-nation Group, which represents more than three-quarters of the world's greenhouse gas emitters, have had a similar foundation and commitment to reducing pollution while helping poorer nations cope with the effects of global warming.
? Meeting results:
? Leaders are committed to a key goal of the Paris Agreement to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.
? They also promised to achieve the goal of emitting zero carbon in the ?middle or mid-century?, instead of setting a clear date for 2050, as campaigners and homemakers in Italy were optimistic.
? They have agreed to stop funding new coal-fired coal industries abroad by the end of 2021.
? They also reaffirmed their unfulfilled commitment to raise $ 100 billion in developing countries to meet the costs of climate change.
? They have ratified an agreement that will charge international companies at least 15% tax, as part of an effort to create a ?sustainable and fair international tax system?.
? They have decided to pursue the recognition of a wide range of vaccines by the World Health Organization under the global ?Single Health System,? and to provide funding and technology for the production of vaccines at ?MRNA Hubs? in South Africa, Brazil and Argentina.
? What is the G20:
? The G20 is an annual conference for leaders from the world's fastest growing economies.
? Its members make up about 85% of the world's GDP, and two thirds of the population.
? The G20 summit is officially known as the "Conference on Financial Markets and the Global Economy".
? Following the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997-1998, it was agreed that the participation of major emerging market markets is necessary in negotiations on an international financial system, and G7 finance ministers agreed to convene a meeting of G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors in 1999.
? Full G20 membership Countries (Asked in UPSC CSE Prelims 2020:
? Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States and the European Union.
? Prelims Hot-Link:
? G20 vs G20 + vs G7 vs G8.
? Objectives and small groups.
? An overview of the geographical areas of the member countries.
? Source ? https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/g20-summit-fruitful-pm-modi/article37276763.ece
5. Indus River Dolphins to be conserved by Punjab:
Prelims Specific Topic:
? The Punjab Wildlife Conservation Unit has proposed protecting the Indus dolphin and its natural habitat.
? About Indus Dolphin:
? The Indus river dolphin is classified as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
? The Indus River dolphin has been named the Punjab Kingdom Marine in 2019.
? They are also found in Pakistan.
? In 2007, a remnant of the Indus dolphin was discovered in the Harun Punjab and on the lower Beas River.
? They are active blind and rely on echolocation to navigate, communicate and hunt deer including prawns, catfish and carp.
https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/punjab-bats-for-conservation-of-indus-river-dolphin/article37275721.ece
