Q 88- Is de-globalisation taking place in the world's countries? Analyze and illustrate the associated ramifications (250 words)
Paper & Topic: GS II à India and its neighborhood- relations. Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, Indian diaspora.
Model Answer:
Introduction:
The BIMSTEC — a grouping that comprises practically all countries in South Asia and some in South-East Asia—is included in India's Neighbourhood First Policy, which gives priority to nations in India's periphery.
It works hard to strengthen connections with India's immediate neighbors.
It focuses on collaboration based on neighboring countries' needs and requirements. The idea of non-seeking reciprocity is also at the heart of the policy.
Body:
The neighboring countries' constitutional crisis is as follows:
In his inaugural address to Parliament, newly elected Sri Lankan President Gotabaya Rajapaksa stated his intention to abolish the landmark 19th Amendment to the Constitution and work toward a new constitution.
Sri Lanka will write a new Constitution, repealing the 19th Amendment, which limited the President's powers and increased the role of Parliament.
During the last general elections, the Rajapaksas won a two-thirds majority in parliament, clearing the path for constitutional revisions.
The President's comments on the draft Constitution can be interpreted as indicating a shift away from the concept of devolution.
If the idea of sharing more power with the provinces is completely abandoned, it will be backward.
It would be a distortion of democratic principles if the independence of institutions like the Election Commission (EC) is now curtailed in the pretext of repealing the 19th Amendment.
Furthermore, there was no mention of ethnic minorities in the President's speech.
The following are the reasons for the proposed constitutional amendments:
The President's executive powers were restricted and handed to parliament and independent commissions in the 19th Constitutional Amendment, which was enacted in 2015.
Many of the Executive Presidency's powers, which have been in place since 1978, will be weakened by the legislation. It entails:
The President's and Parliament's terms have been reduced from six to five years.
Reintroduce a presidential term limit of two terms.
Only after four and a half years does the President have the ability to dissolve Parliament.
The Constitutional Council should be resurrected, and independent commissions should be established.
The President retains control of the Cabinet and can select Ministers on the Prime Minister's advice.
The Rajapaksa family claimed that the amendment was introduced with the intent of deliberately targeting them.
Due to the term limit, Mahinda Rajapaksa was unable to run for president in November, and his younger brother Gotabaya was elected instead.
India's Effects:
The issue of the Tamils, who are an ethnic minority group, would resurface as a result of the proposed constitutional changes.
In the past, this has been a source of friction in bilateral relations between India and Sri Lanka.
Sri Lanka could play the China card once more, emboldening China's 'String of Pearls' effort and putting India's security in the Indian Ocean region in jeopardy.
Steps to take/Conclusion:
A new inclusive constitution is urgently needed to set the country on the road to equality and peace.
The attempt to amend the Constitution under the guise of implementing the "one country, one law" principle should not conflict with this requirement.
While remaining attentive to Sri Lanka's security concerns, India should advocate for reconciliation initiatives for the Tamils in Sri Lanka.